Timelines in History
A Combs &c. Research Resource

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Ed. Note: Please note that this Combs &c. Research Report is new and incomplete, and that precedence has been given to moments in history directly affecting our Combs &c. Ancestors. Both additional entries and "sub-timelines" are planned as is the addition of applicable links. English Regnal Dates

• 1066 Battle of Hastings (Norman Conquest of England by William, Duke of Normandy)
• 1085 Engish Domesday Surveys Commence
• 1087 William II is crowned King of England
• 1100 Henry I is crowned King of England
• 1107 King Alexander is crowned King of Scotland
• 1124 King Alexander dies at Stirling Castle, is succeeded by King David
• 1135 Stephen is crowned King of England
• 1138 King David of Scotland defeated by England at the Battle of the Standard
• 1139 David is recognized as King of an independent Scotland by King Stephen
• 1154 Henry II is crowned King of England
• 1169 1st Norman settlers arrive in County Wicklow, Ireland
• 1171 Henry II conquers Ireland (1171-2)
• 1189 Richard I is crowned King of England
• 1199 John is crowned King of England
• 1215 King John signs English Magna Carta
• 1216 Henry III is crowned King of England
• 1249 University, 1st college of Oxford University, is founded
• 1272 Edward I is crowned King of England
• 1284 Peterhouse, 1st college of Cambridge University, is founded
• 1307 Edward II is crowned King of England
• 1314 Robert Bruce of Scotland defeats King Edward II of England at the Battle of Bannockburn
• 1327 Edward III is crowned King of England
• 1347 Bubonic Plague strikes Europe
• 1337 Edward III claims the French crown (onset of 100 Years War: 1337-1453)
• 1377 Richard II is crowned King of England
• 1381 Wat Tyler leads Peasants Revolt in England
• 1399 Henry IV is crowned King of England
• 1413 Henry V is crowned King of England
• 1422 Henry VI is crowned King of England (1 Sep 1422 - 4 Mar 1461; and 9 Oct 1470 - 14 Apr 1471)
• 1438 Worshipful Company of Drapers, London, is granted a Charter of Incorporation
• 1461 Edward IV (4 Mar 1461 - 9 Apr 1483) is crowned King of England
• 1483 Edward V (9 Apr 1483 - 25 Jun 1483) is crowned King of England
• 1483 Richard III (26 Jun 1483 - 22 Aug 1485) is crowned King of England
• 1485 Henry VII (22 Aug 1485 - 21 Apr 1509) is crowned King of England
• 1492 Christopher Columbus lands in Americas
• 1509 Henry VIII (22 Apr 1509 - 28 Jan 1547) is crowned King of England
• 1534 Henry VIII breaks with Rome; makes himself head of English Church
• 1534 Jacques Cartier makes first expedition to settle in Canada
• 1541 Henry VIII declares himself King of Ireland
• 1543 Mary Queen of Scots is crowned (Queen of Scotland)
• 1547 Edward VI (28 Jan 1547 - 6 Jul 1553) is crowned King of England
• 1553 Mary (6 Jul 1553 - 24 Jul 1554) is crowned Queen of England
• 1554 Philip & Mary (25 Jul 1554 - 17 Nov 1558) are crowned King & Queen of England
• 1558 Elizabeth I (17 Nov 1558 - 24 Mar 1602/3) is crowned Queen of England
• 1562 Elizabethan Wars in Ireland
• 1567 King James VI is crowned King of Scotland
• 1577 Francis Drake sails around the world (1577-1580)
• 1582 University of Edinborough is founded
• 1585 1st Roanoke Island (now North Carolina) settlement by Sir Walter Raleigh fails
• 1587 Mary Queen of Scots is beheaded
• 1588 English Fleet defeats the Spanish Armada (29 Jul O.S.)
• 1591 Trinity College founded in Dublin, Ireland
• 1603 James VI of Scotland (24 Mar 1602/3 - 27 Mar 1625) is crowned King James I of England
• 1603 Hugh O'Neill, Earl of Tyrone (Ireland), surrenders; English law is enforced in Ireland
• 1605 Gunpowder Plot fails (Guy Fawkes' aborted attempt to blow up Parliament)
• 1606 James I of England authorizes first American colonial charters (London and Plymouth Companies)
• 1606 England confiscates land in the six counties of Ulster, Ireland
• 1607 James I grants charter (its 2nd) to the Worshipful Company of Drapers
• 1607 Jamestown (Virginia) is founded
• 1608 Quebec, Canada colony is founded by the French
• 1609 James I authorizes second Virginia Company Charter. John Combe is an investor
• 1612 James I authorizes third Virginia Company Charter
• 1613 English and Scots are "planted" in Ulster
• 1616 William Shakespeare dies at Stratford-on-Avon, Warwickshire
• 1620 The Mayflower arrives at Plymouth Colony
• 1621 Charter granted to Sir William Alexander of Menstrie to colonise Nova Scotia
• 1622 Patent issued to Sir Ferdinando Gorges for Maine
• 1622 1st Jamestown massacre, William Combe is among the dead; Virginia Company goes into receivership
• 1624 Virginia Company charter is revoked
• 1625 Charles I is crowned King of England
• 1625 St. Christopher (Caribbean) settled by the French
• 1626 Dutch found New Amsterdam
• 1628 Petition of Right, England: Parliament curtails the King's powers
• 1629 George Calvert, 1st Lord Baltimore, left Avalon, Newfoundland for visit to Virginia
• 1629 Charles I attempts to rule England without Parliament (1629-1640)
• 1629 Massachussetts Colony is founded
• 1631 Kent Island, Maryland settled by Virginians under William Claiborne
• 1632 Charles I grants charter to Cecilius Calvert, 2nd Lord Baltimore, for Province of Maryland
• 1633 The Ark and the Dove sets sail for Maryland from Cowes, England.
• 1635 Province of New Hampshire granted to Capt. John Mason
• 1635 Leonard Calvert, a Catholic, is Maryland's first governor (brother of George, Lord Baltimore).
• 1636 Rhode Island Colony is founded by Roger Williams
• 1636 Harvard College is founded in Massachussetts.
• 1638 George Willys is appointed Governor of Connecticut.
• 1639 Charles I grants royal charter to Sir Ferdinando Gorges, now lord of the proprietary of Maine
• 1639 Pacification of Berwick (Charles I retreats and recognizes independent Scot Parliament)
• 1641 Ulster Irish rebel against English, John Archdale is among those killed
• 1642 Civil War erupts in England, Scotland and Ireland (1641-1647)
• 1642 Sir William Berkeley is appointed Governor of Virginia Colony, begins 6-year persecution of Puritans
• 1644 Scots covenant with English Parliament for establishment of a Presbyterian Church in Enland
• 1644 2nd Jamestown massacre
• 1645 Ingle's Rebellion in Maryland
• 1646 Charles I surrenders to Lord Leven
• 1646 Bahamas colonised by the English
• 1648 Charles I of England is beheaded at Whitehall (30 Jan 1648/9)
• 1649 English Commonwealth Period (Interregnum) commences (1649-1660)
• 1649 Oliver Cromwell lands at Dublin; imposes English authority on Ireland; pays the soldiers and investors in Parliament's Army with land confiscated from Catholics (both native and Anglo-Irish).
• 1649 William Stone, a Protestant, is appointed governor of Maryland
• 1649 Maryland enacts an Act Concerning Religion (religious tolerance)
• 1650 Catholic landowners in Ireland are banished to Connaught.
• 1650 Charles II of England crowned King of Scotland (1 Jan 1650/1)
• 1651 Charles II defeated by Cromwell's forces at Battle of Worcester
• 1652 Cromwell appoints Sir William Petty to involuntarily transport thousands of Irish to Barbados and other West Indies islands.
• 1652 Parliamentary Fleet lies off Jamestown. Gov. Berkeley surrenders governance.
• 1653 Oliver Cromwell becomes Lord Protector of England, Scotland & Ireland
• 1654 A civil survey of major landholders in Ireland is recorded (1654-1656)
• 1655 English capture Jamaica from Spanish
• 1655 Virginians defeat Maryland Gov. Stone's forces at Battle of the Severn.
• 1660 Charles II is crowned King of England (29 May 1660 - 6 Feb 1685) (Restoration)
• 1661 The Duke of Ormond is appointed Viceroy (ruler) of Ireland (1661-1668)
• 1661 Sir William Berkeley is elected governor of Virginia
• 1663 Charles II grants charter for Carolina Colonies
• 1663 Hearth money rolls registered in Ireland for property owners
• 1664 English capture New Amsterdam from the Dutch (and rename it New York)
• 1676 Bacon's Rebellion. In retaliation for an attack by Berkeley, Bacon burns Jamestown.
• 1678 About 100 Irish families sail from Barbados to Virginia & the Carolinas
• 1679 Christopher Lovett is elected Lord Mayor of Dublin
• 1681 LaSalle founds Louisiana
• 1682 Pennsylvania granted to William Penn
• 1685 James II is crowned King of England
• 1688 William of Orange invades southwest England (Nov 1688)
• 1688 James II of England flees to France (11 Dec 1688)
• 1689 William III & Mary II (13 Feb 1688/9 - 27 Dec 1694) are crowned King and Queen of England
• 1689 Protestants revolt in Maryland (1689-90). Associators rule from 1690-1692.
• 1690 William III of England defeats James II of Scotland (erstwhile England) at Battle of the Boyne, Ireland
• 1694 William III (28 Dec 1694 - 8 Mar 1702) is crowned King of England
• 1695 John Archdale appointed governor of Carolinas
• 1702 Anne (8 Mar 1702 - 1 Aug 1714) is crowned Queen of England
• 1707 Act of Union unites England and Scotland
• 1713 Treaties of Utrecht - Britain acquires Nova Scotia (Acadia) and Hudson Bay (New York)
• 1714 George I (1 Aug 1714 - 11 Jun 1727) is crowned King of England
• 1715 1st Jacobite uprising in England (a failed attempt to restore Stuarts)
• 1718 City of New Orleans (Louisiana) founded
• 1727 George II (11 Jun 1727 - 25 Oct 1760) is crowned King of England
• 1733 Georgia Colony is founded
• 1745 2nd Jacobite uprising in England (a failed attempt by Bonnie Prince Charles)
• 1754 French-Indian War in North America (1754-1763)
• 1756 Seven Years War (Britain & Prussia vs. France, Austria & Russia)
• 1760 George III (25 Oct 1760 - 29 Jan 1820) is crowned King of England
• 1765 Stamp Act imposed on American Colonies by the English
• 1773 Boston Tea Party (revolt against British taxes)
• 1776 American Colonies declare their independence from England
• 1781 Cornwallis surrenders at York
• 1783 Revolutionary War officially ends (Treaty of Paris)
• 1788 1st convicts shipped to Botony Bay, Australia
• 1789 George Washington elected 1st President of U.S.
• 1793 1st free British settlers to Australia
• 1798 Wolfe Tone organizes Irish revolt against England (1798-99)
• 1798 John Adams elected 2nd President of U.S.
• 1799 Harvey Christian Combe is elected Lord Mayor of London
• 1801 Thomas Jefferson elected 3rd President of U.S.
• 1805 England bests France at Battle of Trafalgar
• 1807 Britain ends slave trade
• 1812 War of 1812 between U.S. and Britain (1812-1815)
• 1815 England bests France at Battle of Waterloo (final defeat of Napoleon)
• 1820 George IV is crowned King of England (29 Jan 1820 - 26 Jun 1830)
• 1830 William IV is crowned King of England (29 Jun 1830 - 20 Jun 1837)
• 1833 England abolishes slavery
• 1836 Texas wins independence from Mexico
• 1837 Victoria is crowned Queen of England (20 Jun 1837 - 22 Jan 1901)
• 1837 Canadian Rebellion (for reform)
• 1840 British and Maoris sign treaty of Waitangi in New Zealand
• 1844 British Factory Act passes
• 1850 1st transfer of power by British to Australians (1850-1856 self-government)
• 1861 Civil War breaks out in U.S. (1861-1865)
• 1865 13th Amendment outlaws slavery in U.S.
• 1867 Britain makes Canada a dominion
• 1901 Edward VII is crowned King of England (22 Jan 1901 - 6 May 1910)
• 1906 Cuba occupied by U.S. forces
• 1907 New Zealand becomes a dominion
• 1910 George V is crowned King of England (6 May 1910 - 20 Jan 1936)
• 1914 World War I commences (1914-1918)
• 1916 Easter uprising in Ireland
• 1917 Irish Republican constitution adopted
• 1921 Irish Free State founded (independent member of British Commonwealth)
• 1922 Irish Civil War - Public Records Office and Four Courts destroyed by fire
• 1935 Passage of Social Security Act in U.S.
• 1936 Edward VIII is crowned King of England (20 Jan 1936 - abdicates 11 Dec 1936)
• 1936 George VI is crowned King of England (11 Dec 1936 - 6 Feb 1952)
• 1939 World War II commences (1939-1945)
• 1949 Britain recognizes independence of Ireland
• 1952 Elizabeth II is crowned Queen of England (6 Feb 1952 -)

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